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81.
Photoinduced toxicity single and binary mixtures of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Diatom Skeletonema costatum Cleve is one of the main predominant phytoplankton species in the Changjiang Estuary in China. In order to provide some basic information for future assessment of the potential risk on phytoplankton communities in this estuary caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), this alga was selected as a representative to investigate the photoinduced toxicity of PAHs, in single and mixture. Four PAHs including three-ring phenanthrene and anthracene, four-ring fluoranthene and pyrene were tested in the laboratory. The single toxicity of each PAH on this microalga was compared with and without the simulated solar UV radiation. The results showed that this microalga was sensitive to PAH's photoinduced toxicity. Ratios of the 72 h median effect concentration obtained for fluorescent and UV light tests were about 8.4 for phenanthrene, 13.0 for anthracene, 6.5 for fluoranthene, and 5.7 for pyrene, indicating that UV light enhanced the PAH toxicity to this alga significantly. Under the fluorescent radiation (lacking UV), the dose-response curves based on chemical concentrations revealed that the order of toxic strength was fluoranthene greater than pyrene greater than anthracene greater than phenanthrene; while under the UV radiation (476 μW/cm2 for UVA, 6.5 μW/cm2 for UVB) it became fluoranthene approximately equaling anthracene greater than pyrene greater than phenanthrene, indicating that the UV light also changed its relative toxicity to this alga. The photoinduced toxicity of PAHs to the marine diatom S. costatum might be a synergistic effect of photosensitization reactions (e.g., generation of single-state oxygen) and photomodification (photooxidation and/or photolysis).The combined effects of six binary mixtures on the marine diatom S. costatum were investigated using the additive-index method. Four binary-mixtures (phenanthrene plus anthracene; phenanthrene plus pyrene; anthracene plus fluoranthene; anthracene plus pyrene) were found to be synergistic joint action mode, while two binary-mixtures (phenanthrene plus fluoranthene; fluoranthene plus pyrene) displayed antagonist, revealing a complex pattern of possible interactions. The combined action mode of PAHs might be related to various factors such as the mixture compounds, mixture ratios and test conditions, etc. 相似文献
82.
嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,简称A.f)是一种能够以亚铁、单质硫、以及硫化物作为能量来源的化能自养菌,因为此特性,其是生物湿法冶金中主要浸矿菌种之一.本试验中,通过从4个不同来源样品中分离到了4株A.f菌,然后通过改变影响其生长的因素来比较其氧化亚铁以及硫的活性.试验中使用了6种不同条件,其中每个条件下仅改变一个影响因子,这些影响因子包括温度、离子强度、pH、重金属离子浓度、外加离子浓度、硫培养、浸矿培养.通过比较结果,发现不同条件下,4株菌表现均不一样,而活力最强的菌株也不一样.例如,A.f.3菌株在以亚铁为能量来源的时候,一般是活性最强的菌株,而A.f.2一般是活性最差的菌株;但是在用硫和黄铁矿为能量来源的时候,A.f.2的活性不再是最差的,硫培养时,A.f.2是活性最强的菌株.通过比较,人们可以筛选得到一个高活性以及工业应用价值更高的菌株. 相似文献
83.
84.
南海季风型海-气耦合模态的时空特征及其与中国夏季降水的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
使用NCEP/NCAR的海表温度(SST)、海面10 m风场的月平均再分析资料,用联合SVD(CSVD)的方法研究了不同季节南海的海气耦合模的时空分布特征及其与中国夏季降水的关系。通过对不同季节的海-气耦合模的年际变化特征的分析。结果发现:第一模态为最显著模态,模态协方差贡献比在四季均超过80%,空间上SST表现为与南海等深线相一致的海盆模态,风场上主要表现为弱的冬季风或弱的夏季风,各个季节的海-气耦合模态都主要反映了SST-蒸发-风反馈这样1种正反馈的海-气相互作用过程,而且冬季风期间这种相互作用要更强烈些。时间系数均主要表现为一致的上升趋势和1976年前后的年代际突变,以及与ENSO相关的年际变化特征。冬、夏季弱的季风对应暖SST的特征体现了这种耦合模态隔季相关的特征,都对应夏季华南旱(涝)、江南涝(旱),华北、山东半岛旱(涝),东北涝(旱)这样1种波列状的旱涝相间分布。 相似文献
85.
86.
赤点石斑鱼人工配合饵料中蛋白质最适含量的研究 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
本文探讨了不同蛋白质含量的配合饵料对赤点石斑鱼(Epinephelusakaara)生长的影响。通过60d度验得出:在各配合饵料组中,蛋白质含量为49.52%的试验的相对增重率(46.84%)体长相对增长率(15.96%)、蛋白质效率(60.35%)和饵料转化率(29.85%)等均为最佳。配合饵料组鱼体肌肉营养成分(蛋白质、脂肪、氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸)也均优于对照组,而更接近野生鱼。经回归方程分析,赤点石斑鱼人工配合饵料中蛋白质最适含量为48.37%~49.24%。 相似文献
87.
Samples of O isotopic tracer were mlleMed at Sections P3,P25,PcM-t/2-E and PCM-1/2.w in both the Fast China Sea and the area to the east of the Ryūkyū-gunto during October-November,1991.Analytical results of the δ18O are as follows: (1) In the Kuroshio area,the δ18O isolines are almost parallel to the 200 m isobath.The value of δ18O is negative and reaches minimum mt the main axis of the Kuroshio,and increases on both sides.(2) In the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) area there is a high δ18O tongue extending to the northeast.(3) In the area near the coast,the distribution of δ18O isoline shows that the Changjiang River runoff diffuses seaward and the land-ocean isotopic effect from the nearshore to the offshore.(4) The values of δ18O are from -1.0×10-3 to -0.5×10-3 in the shelf.(5) There is a low mre of δ18O value(<-1.6×10-3) at the 600 m layer in the Kuroshio area,which is quite in accord with the existence of a low salinity mre (S G 34.30) between the 600 and 800 m layers in the same area.Finally,the mrrelations of the δ18O with the salinity and temperature,the upwelling and so on are discussed. 相似文献
88.
89.
中国沿海星虫动物门名录 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
取1980~1989年间在我国沿海进行星虫动物区系调查的标本和有关资料做了整理、鉴定,共39种,分隶于2纲,4目,6科,12属。其中1种在我国为首次记录。 相似文献
90.
Khalid Maskaoui Tianling Zheng Huasheng Hong Zhiming Yu Zhong Hu Yun Tian Lizhe Cai 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(3):443-451
The surface and bottom waters samples were collected from six locations in Xiamen western sea. The quantified estimation of bacterial production (3H-thymidine method) and observation of bacterial heterotrophic activity (14C-glucose method) have been made in order to have a better understanding of the role of marine bacteria and their activities. The results showed that the mean value of bacterial heterotrophic activity was 9×108 cells/(L.h) in the surface waters and 2.6×108 cells/(L.h) in the bottom waters. The mean value of bacterial production was 38×108 cells/(L.h) in the surface waters and 7.1×108 cells/(L.h) in the bottom waters. The relationship between bacterial production, heterotrophic activity, POC and DOC measured during this survey were discussed. The good understanding of the relationship between bacteria activity and total coliform was addressed. 相似文献